Did Aurangzeb built Mandirs?

Did Aurangzeb built Mandirs?

Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb's policies towards Hindu temples were complex and varied throughout his reign. While he is often associated with the destruction of certain temples, historical records also indicate instances where he supported and protected Hindu religious sites.

Destruction of Temples:

1. Kashi Vishwanath Temple, Varanasi: In 1669, Aurangzeb ordered the demolition of the Kashi Vishwanath Temple, a significant Shiva temple in Varanasi. The Gyanvapi Mosque was subsequently constructed on its site. 

2. Keshavdeva Temple, Mathura: Following a Jat rebellion in Mathura, Aurangzeb destroyed the Keshavdeva Temple in 1670 and built the Shahi Eidgah mosque in its place. 

Support and Protection of Temples:

Despite these actions, Aurangzeb also issued several firmans (royal decrees) that granted land and resources to Hindu temples and mathas (monastic establishments). Notable examples include:

1. Mahakaleshwar Temple, Ujjain: Aurangzeb issued orders for the protection and maintenance of this prominent Shiva temple. 

2. Balaji Temple, Chitrakoot: The emperor provided land grants to support this temple dedicated to Lord Vishnu. 

3. Umananda Temple, Guwahati: Aurangzeb extended patronage to this temple, ensuring its upkeep and religious activities. 

Reconstruction Efforts:

In some instances, temples destroyed during conflicts were rebuilt with imperial support:

Ranganathaswamy Temple, Nirthadi: An inscription dated 1698 AD describes the destruction of the original temple by Aurangzeb's armies in 1696. Subsequently, the local chieftain Baramappa Nayaka rebuilt the temple in 1698 AD. 

Scholarly Perspectives:

Historians note that Aurangzeb's actions were influenced by a combination of political, economic, and religious factors. While some temple destructions were motivated by political rebellions or strategic considerations, his patronage of other temples indicates a degree of religious tolerance and pragmatism. Richard Eaton, upon evaluating primary sources, identified 15 instances of temple destructions during Aurangzeb's reign. Additionally, scholars like Iqtidar Alam Khan suggest that Aurangzeb may have sanctioned the construction of more temples than he ordered to be demolished. 

In conclusion, Aurangzeb's relationship with Hindu temples was multifaceted. While he did order the destruction of certain temples, he also provided support and protection to others, reflecting a complex interplay of religious policy and political strategy during his reign.